AVA - Autonomous Vehicle Assurance

How can we enhance trust in autonomous vehicles?

Project "TRUST" shows that sound can help users feel safe and focus on the tasks at hand when interacting with smart environments and autonomous agents. The effectiveness of the Autonomous Vehicle Assurance (AVA) system was evaluated in our XR-Prototype.

The Problem

Autonomous vehicles are being designed for users to work, relax, read or take a nap. But how can we entrust our lives to autonomous systems and AI- algorithms in order to relax or focus on other things? Car manufacturers anticipate a period of technology adoption during which it will be crucial to enhance trust in autonomous vehicles, particularly for first-time users.

The Design Questions

  • How could sound help increase confidence in a self-driving vehicle?
  • How can stress and insecurity be reduced?
  • How can sensor data and algorithmic decisions be sonified to enable intuitive understanding and trust?

The Solution

Autonomous Vehicle Assurance (AVA) is an assistance system that uses real- time 3D sound to help passengers in autonomous vehicles feel more confident, relaxed and able to concentrate. It has three main functions:

  1. Relax the user and prevent distraction

    The AVA system informs the user with reduced, subtle and calming sound designs that tap into our subconscious perception. It does not distract, annoy or alarm the user with unnecessary urgency or redundant information.

  2. Prepare users for upcoming maneuvers

    Imagine focusing on an e-mail while driving. Subtle predictive sound cues prepare you for upcoming maneuvers. Without the need to look up, your body intuitively adapts and prepares for the vehicle's actions, preventing motion sickness and distraction from whatever you are doing.

  3. Ensure Situational Awareness of Vehicle Users

    Does the vehicle see this coming? Is it aware that the cyclist is trying to pass? Especially for new users, the system's optional situational awareness cues help them understand the system and it's capabilities.

The Science

To prove and evaluate the effectiveness, the VR prototype with immersive 3D sound was tested in an experimental laboratory study with 42 participants.


Our empirical results show that

  • General confidence in autonomous driving has increased
  • AV passengers quickly understood the auditory feedback and chose to rely on it to better engage in non-driving activities.
  • Here, an increased task performance was observed, i.e. the ability to pursue private or work-related matters while driving

Conclusion

Sound can increase trust in technology. In a world where more and more autonomous systems take the wheel for us, sound will play a central role in keeping us informed and connected to the invisible processes and decisions to which we entrust our lives and work. Sound environments can help us to focus on our personal lives by handing over routine tasks to the technologies around us.

"The collaboration proofed the 
crucial role of sound in designing 
complex but meaningful human machine interactions."
Ingolf Heinsch
Head of Vehicle Experience Design,

Volkswagen Group Future Center Europe

Credits

  • Industry Partner
    Volkswagen Group Future Center Europe
  • Scientific Partner
    Audio Communication Group, TU Berlin
  • Project Group
    Nathalie Lungershausen, Tom Virkus, Henning Schaar, Yijun Zhao
  • Design Lead
    Sound Innovation Lab